GeForce RTX 2070. 53 points. Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 Super. Compare Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 EVGA Gaming 8GB & Nvidia GeForce GTX 1050 Ti 4GB graphics card Gaming performance vs system requirement comparison NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 Mobile vs NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 Ti (Desktop) vs NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 Ti Mobile - Benchmarks, Tests and Comparisons RTX 2070 vs GTX 1070 Ti. The number of textured pixels that can be rendered to the screen every second. A small form factor allows more transistors to fit on a chip, therefore increasing its performance. 76 points. Dadurch möchten wir Ihnen einen objektiven Vergleich der beiden GPUs ermöglichen. Memory bandwidth. The Nvidia RTX 2070 is 20% expensive than its little cousin, the GTX 1070 Ti, although it also offer 20% increase in performance, when benchmarked on current games titles running rasterization rendering. Comparison winner. Allows you to connect to a display using DisplayPort. Shading units (or stream processors) are small processors within the graphics card that are responsible for processing different aspects of the image. 75 points. The thermal design power (TDP) is the maximum amount of power the cooling system needs to dissipate. ... Asus GeForce GTX 1050 Ti 4GB Phoenix Fan Edition DVI-D HDMI DP 1.4 Gaming … Beide NVIDIA Geforce Grafikkarten stehen für eine starke Gamingperformance im High-End Bereich. Newer versions introduce more functionality and better performance. Therefore, it is su The 1050 Ti has a TDP of 75 Watts and is based on a new 14nm GP107 processing core which has approximately 66% of the key resources (CUDA cores, texture units, memory bandwidth and transistor count etc.) Dadurch möchten wir … GigaTexels - higher is better. OpenGL is used in games, with newer versions supporting better graphics. vs. vs… Comparing performance between the RX 470 vs GTX 1050 Ti and RX 460 vs GTX 1050 Ti shows that the 1050 Ti … It is the 2020 refresh of the GeForce RTX 2070 Mobile and may now also use the TU104 chip This is the perfect trade of value vs … In den neuen RTX-Grafikkarten stecken die im 12-Nanometer-Verfahren hergestellten Turing-Prozessoren. The graphics card uses a combination of water and air to reduce the temperature of the card. The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 Super Mobile is a high end gaming graphics cards for laptops. The RTX 2070 has 2,304 (down from the 2,9 Finde heraus welches besser ist und dessen gesamt Leistung in der Grafikkarte-Bestenliste. Was ist der Unterschied zwischen Gigabyte GeForce RTX 2070 Gaming OC und MSI GeForce GTX 1050 Ti? It features 768 SPUs as well as 48 Texture Address Units and 32 ROPs. Devices with a HDMI or mini HDMI port can transfer high definition video and audio to a display. RTX 2070 vs GTX 1070 Ti. 90 $ 699. Ray tracing is an advanced light rendering technique that provides more realistic lighting, shadows, and reflections in games. GeForce GTX 1050. GeForce GTX 1050. 50 points. The scales could however tip in the RTX 2070's favor, once more games and software programs make use of the RT … The graphics processing unit (GPU) has a higher clock speed. Floating-point performance is a measurement of the raw processing power of the GPU. More HDMI ports mean that you can simultaneously connect numerous devices, such as video game consoles and set-top boxes. 68 points. Dadurch möchten wir … NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1660 Ti Max-Q vs NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 Mobile - Benchmarks, Tests and Comparisons GeForce GTX 1050 Ti vs GeForce RTX 2070. This allows it to be overclocked more, increasing performance. Allows you to connect to a display using mini-DisplayPort. 42 $ 199. 71 points. MSI GeForce RTX 2070 Gaming X $ 159. MSI RTX 2070 Ventus OC Boost Clock 1830MHz/+1000MHz Memory Clock vs. MSI GTX 1080 Ti Gaming X. The effective memory clock speed is calculated from the size and data rate of the memory. It is an important factor of memory performance, and therefore the general performance of the graphics card. It is a quick-access, temporary virtual storage that can be read and changed in any order, thus enabling fast data processing. This allows you to configure multiple monitors in order to create a more immersive gaming experience, such as having a wider field of view. The memory clock speed is one aspect that determines the memory bandwidth. Im Vergleich stehen die RTX 2070 und die GTX 1080 Ti. Newer versions of GDDR memory offer improvements such as higher transfer rates that give increased performance. 71 points. Some apps use OpenCL to apply the power of the graphics processing unit (GPU) for non-graphical computing. 258.70 GT/s. Gainward GeForce GTX 1050 Ti. Home > Graphics card comparison > Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 Super vs PNY GeForce GTX 1050 Ti. Home > Graphics card comparison > Gigabyte GeForce GTX 1050 Ti vs MSI GeForce RTX 2070 Super Ventus OC. The thermal design power (TDP) is the maximum amount of power the cooling system needs to dissipate. The number of pixels that can be rendered to the screen every second. MSI GeForce GTX 1050 Ti GAMING X. A higher transistor count generally indicates a newer, more powerful processor. It is a quick-access, temporary virtual storage that can be read and changed in any order, thus enabling fast data processing. Finde heraus welches besser ist und dessen gesamt Leistung in der Grafikkarte-Bestenliste. The graphics card contains two graphics processing units (GPUs). Chipsets with a higher number of transistors, semiconductor components of electronic devices, offer more computational power. Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 Super vs PNY GeForce GTX 1050 Ti, 7.08 TFLOPS higher floating-point performance, 6992MHz higher effective memory clock speed, Gigabyte GeForce Rtx 2070 Super Windforce WF3OC-8GD, ASUS ROG Strix Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070S Advanced 8G Gaming Super Grafikkarte (PCIe 3.0, 8GB DDR6 Speicher, HDMI, Displayport, USB Type-C), NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 Super Founders Edition, 8 GB GDDR6 1770 MHz Speicher, 2560 Cores, DP/HDMI/DVI-DL, Ray Tracing, DirectX 12, VR Ready, ASUS ROG-STRIX-RTX-2070S-A8G-GAMING RAG-STRIX-RTX-2070 Super Advanced Overclocked 8G GDDR6 HDMI DisplayPort USB Type-C Gaming Grafikkarte, MSI Gaming GeForce RTX 2070 Super 8GB GDRR6 256-Bit HDMI/DP Nvlink Twin-Froze Turing Architecture Overclocked Grafikkarte (RTX 2070 Super Gaming X), MSI Gaming GeForce RTX 2070 Super 8 GB GDRR6 256-bit HDMI/DP NVLink Torx Fan Turing Architektur übertaktet G-SYNC Grafikkarte (RTX 2070 Super Ventus GP OC), ASUS NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2060 Turbo 6G EVO Gaming Grafikkarte (PCIe 3.0, 6GB DDR6 Speicher, HDMI, Displayport, USB Type-C), ASUS Dual Nvidia GeForce RTX 2060 6GB EVO Advanced Edition Gaming Grafikkarte (GDDR6 Speicher, PCIe 3.0, 1x HDMI 2.0b, 1x DVI, 1x DisplayPort 1.4, DUAL-RTX2060-A6G-EVO). The effective memory clock speed is calculated from the size and data rate of the memory. The GeForce RTX 2070 has a 56 MHz higher core clock speed and 32 more Render Output Units than the GeForce GTX 1050. Error-correcting code memory can detect and correct data corruption. Finde heraus welches besser ist und dessen gesamt Leistung in … GeForce GTX 1050. Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 Super vs PNY GeForce GTX 1050 Ti. It is an important factor of memory performance, and therefore the general performance of the graphics card. Allows you to view in 3D (if you have a 3D display and glasses). 70 points. It is b NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 Mobile vs NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 Ti Mobile vs NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 Ti (Desktop) - Benchmarks, Tests and Comparisons NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1650 Ti Max-Q vs NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 Mobile - Benchmarks, Tests and Comparisons The graphics card supports multi-display technology. vs. vs… RTX 2070 is built on the Turing GPU architecture on the 12nm fabrication p… 43.30 GP/s. ... Nvidia GTX 1050-Ti Nvidia GTX 1660-Ti Comparison winner. Finde heraus welches besser ist und dessen gesamt Leistung in der Grafikkarte-Bestenliste. Chipsets with a higher number of transistors, semiconductor components of electronic devices, offer more computational power. GeForce RTX 2070. DirectX is used in games, with newer versions supporting better graphics. GigaPixels - higher is better. Entweder die GTX 1080: Gigabyte GeForce GTX 1080 Windforce OC 8G 8GB GDDR5X Grafikkarte bei notebooksbilliger.de (500 Euro) Oder die RTX 2070: Ihre Suche auf ALTERNATE.de (519 Euro) Für die RTX 2070 habe ich nur den Filter eingestellt, da ich mir noch unschlüssig bin welchen Hersteller ich wählen sollte, falls ich mir die RTX 2070 zulege. GeForce RTX 2070 GeForce GTX 1050; TDP: 180 watts: vs: 75 watts: Release Date: UNRELEASED: vs: 25 Oct 2016: Raw Performance comparison. Dadurch möchten wir Ihnen einen objektiven Vergleich der beiden GPUs ermöglichen. The graphics card supports multi-display technology. vs. vs. 37 facts in comparison. NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 Super Mobile remove. Was ist der Unterschied zwischen Gigabyte GeForce RTX 2070 Gaming OC und Gigabyte GeForce GTX 1050 Ti OC? MSI GeForce RTX 2070 Super Ventus OC $ 154. Nvidia GeForce GTX 1660 Ti. 54.20 GT/s. 00. The memory clock speed is one aspect that determines the memory bandwidth. Compare Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 SLI & Nvidia GeForce GTX 1050 Ti 4GB graphics card Gaming performance vs system requirement comparison Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 Super $ 949. Allows you to connect to a display using DVI. The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 sits behind the GeForce RTX 2080 as the third fastest desktop GPU in NVIDIA's current GeForce Turing line-up. The 1080 Ti trumps the 2070 in memory bandwidth – 484GB/s to 448GB/s – and memory … 45 $ 654. The graphics processing unit (GPU) has a higher clock speed. Home > Graphics card comparison > Nvidia GeForce GTX 1660 Ti vs Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 Founders Edition. GTX 1070, GTX 1070 Ti and GTX 1080 are graphics cards that belong to GTX 10 series and are built on the Pascal GPU architecture having 16nm manufacturing process. Home > Graphics card comparison > Gainward GeForce GTX 1050 Ti vs Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 Super. The 2070 has 2304 CUDA cores, a base/boost clock of 1410/1620 MHz, 8GB of GDRR6 memory and a memory bandwidth of 448GB/s. Die Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 Super Mobile (für Laptops) ist nach der mobilen RTX 2080 und 2080 Super die drittschnellste mobile Gr 43.30 GP/s. NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 Mobile vs NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 Ti (Desktop) vs NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2060 (Desktop) - Benchmarks, Tests and Comparisons NVIDIA manufacturers the TU104 chip on a 12 nm FinFET process and includes features like Deep Learning Super Sampling (DLSS) and Real-Time Ray Tracing (RTRT), which should combine Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 Founders Edition $ 519. NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 Ti (Desktop) vs NVIDIA Titan RTX vs NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 (Desktop) - Benchmarks, Tests and Comparisons NVDIA’s RTX 2070 follows on from their recent release of the 2080 and 2080 Ti from their RTX 2000 series of Turing architecture GPUs. The RTX 2070 has a 69 MHz higher core clock speed and 96 more Texture Mapping Units than the GTX 1050 Ti.This results in the RTX 2070 providing 138.6 GTexel/s better texturing performance. GeForce RTX 2070 GeForce GTX 1050; TDP: 180 watts: vs: 75 watts: Release Date: UNRELEASED: vs: 25 Oct 2016: Raw Performance comparison. Devices with a HDMI or mini HDMI port can transfer high definition video and audio to a display. By continuing to browse our site, you agree to our use of cookies. NVDIA’s RTX 2070 follows on from their recent release of the 2080 and 2080 Ti from their RTX 2000 series of Turing architecture GPUs. This allows you to configure multiple monitors in order to create a more immersive gaming experience, such as having a wider field of view. Dadurch möchten wir Ihnen … Newer versions of HDMI support higher bandwidth, which allows for higher resolutions and frame rates. The NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 with Max-Q design is the power saving variant of the mobile RTX 2070 graphics card with reduced clock speeds and power consumption. 99. found on the 3GB GTX … 99. Compare all that to the GeForce RTX 2070… The most powerful of these three is the GTX 1080 that comes with 2560 CUDA Cores. NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 Ti Mobile vs. NVIDIA RTX 2070 Auf dieser Seite haben wir versucht, möglichst umfassende Daten und Fakten über die beiden Grafikkarten NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 Ti Mobile und NVIDIA RTX 2070 zusammen zu tragen. Gainward GeForce GTX 1050 Ti vs Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 Super, 6.92 TFLOPS higher floating-point performance, 6992MHz higher effective memory clock speed, ZOTAC GeForce GTX 1050 Ti Mini, 4GB GDDR5 DisplayPort 128-bit Gaming Graphic Card (ZT-P10510A-10L) (Renewed), Computer Graphics Cards GTX 1050 Ti 4GB 128Bit GDDR5 Graphics Cards for nVIDIA VGA Cards Geforce GTX 1050ti Hdmi Dvi Game Used Better Quality Computer Graphics Cards, Computer Graphics Cards Graphics Card GTX1050 TI 4GB 128Bit GDDR5 Original Used Video Cards for nVIDIA VGA Cards Geforce GTX 1050 Ti Better Quality Computer Graphics Cards, Computer Graphics Cards GTX 1060 3GB Video Card NVIDIA GTX1060 3GB Graphics Cards GPU Desktop PC Computer Game Map VGA Better Quality Computer Graphics Cards, MSI Gaming GeForce RTX 2070 Super 8GB GDRR6 256-bit HDMI/DP NVLink Torx Fan Turing Architecture Overclocked G-SYNC Graphics Card (RTX 2070 SUPER VENTUS GP OC), Asus GeForce RTX 2070 Super Overclocked 8G EVO GDDR6 Dual-Fan Edition VR Ready HDMI DisplayPort Gaming Graphics Card (DUAL-RTX-2070S-O8G-EVO), EVGA 08G-P4-3071-KR GeForce RTX 2070 Super Gaming, 8GB GDDR6, NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 Super Founders Edition Graphics Card (Renewed), Nvidia Geforce RTX 2060 Super Founders Edition Graphics Card, MSI Gaming GeForce RTX 2070 Super 8GB GDRR6 256-Bit HDMI/DP Nvlink Twin-Froze Turing Architecture Overclocked Graphics Card (RTX 2070 Super Gaming X), EVGA 08G-P4-3163-KR GeForce RTX 2060 Super XC Ultra, Overclocked, 2.75 Slot Extreme Cool Dual, 65C Gaming, RGB, Metal Backplate, 8GB GDDR6, NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 Founders Edition Graphic Card. 448.00 … This generally results in better performance than a similar, single-GPU graphics card. Comparison winner. The 2070 Super has been upgraded to use the same GPU die as in the RTX 2080, and now has 2560 CUDA cores, up from 2304 in the 2070. This page is currently only available in English. The GTX 1050 Ti 4GB is Nvidia’s latest Pascal based GPU. Geforce RTX 2080 Ti vs 2080 vs 2070. Ray tracing is an advanced light rendering technique that provides more realistic lighting, shadows, and reflections in games. 76 points. ... MSI Computer V809-2277R Video Card (GTX 1050 TI … Privacy policy, Galax GeForce GTX 1650 Super EX (1-Click OC). 83. A higher transistor count generally indicates a newer, more powerful processor. This generally results in better performance than a similar, single-GPU graphics card. The number of pixels that can be rendered to the screen every second. Zotac GeForce GTX 1050 Ti Mini $ 799. Newer versions can support more bandwidth and deliver better performance. 99. Was ist der Unterschied zwischen Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 Super und Nvidia GeForce GTX 1060? The Nvidia GeForce GTX 1050 Ti (N17P-G1) for desktops is an entry level gaming graphics card that was announced late 2016. A wider bus width means that it can carry more data per cycle. vs. vs… 1440p. It is used when is it essential to avoid corruption, such as scientific computing or when running a server. 99 $ 1,499. The 2070 has 2304 CUDA cores, a base/boost clock of 1410/1620 MHz, 8GB of GDRR6 memory and a memory bandwidth of 448GB/s. NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 Super vs. NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 Auf dieser Seite haben wir versucht, möglichst umfassende Daten und Fakten über die beiden Grafikkarten NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 Super und NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 zusammen zu tragen. Was ist der Unterschied zwischen Galax GeForce RTX 2070 Super und Gigabyte GeForce GTX 1050 Ti? GigaPixels - higher is better. As far as core componentry goes, the GTX 1080 Ti and RTX 2070 don’t share too many similarities. Neste vídeo iremos comparar "lado a lado" a placa de vídeo GTX 1070 Ti com a nova placa RTX 2070, rodando o cenário demonstrativo do Lumion 9. A wider bus width means that it can carry more data per cycle. This allows it to be overclocked more, increasing performance. Comparing performance between the RX 470 vs GTX 1050 Ti and RX 460 vs GTX 1050 Ti shows that the 1050 Ti … Higher clock speeds can give increased performance in games and other apps. Shading units (or stream processors) are small processors within the graphics card that are responsible for processing different aspects of the image. 78 points. Pixel Rate. DirectX is used in games, with newer versions supporting better graphics. 99. Texel Rate . NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1070 Ti vs. NVIDIA RTX 2070 Auf dieser Seite haben wir versucht, möglichst umfassende Daten und Fakten über die beiden Grafikkarten NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1070 Ti und NVIDIA RTX 2070 zusammen zu tragen. Gigabyte GeForce GTX 1050 Ti. Newer versions can support more bandwidth and deliver better performance. Higher clock speeds can give increased performance in games and other apps. Newer versions introduce more functionality and better performance. Small semiconductors provide better performance and reduced power consumption. Finde heraus welches besser ist und dessen gesamt Leistung in der Grafikkarte-Bestenliste. This page is currently only available in English. 108.90 GP/s. vs. vs. 35 facts in comparison. No, the RTX 2070 needs to go a little further than that to win our love. Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 Super. 69 points. The RTX 2070 Super replaces the RTX 2070 in Nvidia’s line-up of ray-tracing high performance GPUs, yielding around a 10% performance improvement at the same $500 USD price point. NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1650 Ti Mobile vs NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2060 Mobile vs NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1650 Ti (Desktop) - Benchmarks, Tests and Comparisons NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 Ti (Desktop) remove. NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 Ti vs. NVIDIA RTX 2070 Auf dieser Seite haben wir versucht, möglichst umfassende Daten und Fakten über die beiden Grafikkarten NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1050 Ti und NVIDIA RTX 2070 zusammen zu tragen. Floating-point performance is a measurement of the raw processing power of the GPU. The price premium over the previous generation of GPUs is, for the most part, for NVIDIA’s new ray tracing technology, and unfortunately, the benefit of this is currently unknown as there are no RTX … NVIDIA RTX 2070 vs. NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 Ti Auf dieser Seite haben wir versucht, möglichst umfassende Daten und Fakten über die beiden Grafikkarten NVIDIA RTX 2070 und NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 Ti zusammen zu tragen. NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 Mobile vs NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1650 Ti (Desktop) - Benchmarks, Tests and Comparisons More HDMI ports mean that you can simultaneously connect numerous devices, such as video game consoles and set-top boxes. Home > Graphics card comparison > Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 Super vs Zotac GeForce GTX 1050 Ti Mini. Comparison winner. Allows you to connect to a display using DVI. Based on 1,031,717 user benchmarks for the Nvidia GTX 1050-Ti and the RTX 2070, we rank them both on effective speed and value for money against the best 652 GPUs. Intro The GeForce GTX 1050 Ti has core clock speeds of 1290 MHz on the GPU, and 1750 MHz on the 4096 MB of GDDR5 RAM. Allows you to view in 3D (if you have a 3D display and glasses). Error-correcting code memory can detect and correct data corruption. Comparison winner. 50 points. Kurz zur Leistung der einzelnen Grafikkarten: RTX 2070. The Nvidia RTX 2070 is 20% expensive than its little cousin, the GTX 1070 Ti, although it also offer 20% increase in performance, when benchmarked on current games titles running rasterization rendering. Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) is a high-speed interface standard for connecting components, such as graphics cards and SSDs, to a motherboard. 48 points. 108.90 GP/s. Versus uses cookies to improve your experience on the site. Compare Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 Super Mobile & Nvidia GeForce GTX 1050 Ti PNY 4GB graphics card Gaming performance vs system requirement comparison It is used when is it essential to avoid corruption, such as scientific computing or when running a server. GeForce RTX 2070. A small form factor allows more transistors to fit on a chip, therefore increasing its performance. NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1650 Ti (Desktop) vs NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 Mobile - Benchmarks, Tests and Comparisons This is the perfect trade of value vs performance. This is the maximum rate that data can be read from or stored into memory. The graphics card uses a combination of water and air to reduce the temperature of the card. Was ist der Unterschied zwischen MSI GeForce RTX 2070 Gaming X und MSI GeForce GTX 760? Then comes GTX 1070 Ti with 2432 CUDA Cores and the last one is the GTX 1070 with 1920 CUDA Cores. 00 $ 150. ... Nvidia GTX 1050-Ti Nvidia GTX 1660-Ti Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 Super. Gainward GeForce GTX 1050 Ti vs Nvidia GeForce RTX 2070 … NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1650 Ti (Desktop) vs NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 Super (Desktop) - Benchmarks, Tests and Comparisons NVIDIA GeForce RTX 2070 (Desktop) vs NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1650 Ti (Desktop) - Benchmarks, Tests and Comparisons Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) is a high-speed interface standard for connecting components, such as graphics cards and SSDs, to a motherboard. Home > Graphics card comparison > MSI GeForce GTX 1050 Ti GAMING X vs MSI GeForce RTX 2070 Gaming X. Was ist der Unterschied zwischen Asus Dual GeForce RTX 2070 Super Evo OC und MSI GeForce GTX 1050 Ti GAMING X? 49 points. Small semiconductors provide better performance and reduced power consumption. Random-access memory (RAM) is a form of volatile memory used to store working data and machine code currently in use. PNY GeForce GTX 1050 Ti $ 899. Allows you to connect to a display using mini-DisplayPort. Agradecimento especial ao … The graphics card contains two graphics processing units (GPUs). A lower TDP typically means that it consumes less power. GeForce RTX 2070. OpenGL is used in games, with newer versions supporting better graphics. A lower TDP typically means that it consumes less power. The Founders Edition 2070 has an MSRP of $599 which makes both new 1080 and used 1080 Ti GPUs decent options. Pixel Rate. Newer versions of GDDR memory offer improvements such as higher transfer rates that give increased performance. Nvidia GeForce GTX 1050. This is the maximum rate that data can be read from or stored into memory.